Plato wrote and taught in his academy. Enough remains of his written work to outline and assess the key concepts of his philosophy, in them, we can find the origin of European political thought, Plato reviewed the condition of the Greek city-states at that time. He observed that there were full of anarchy and tyranny in Athens. After his observation, he prepared the outline of an ideal state to establish national strength, harmony prosperity and unity among the people. Plato created his ideal state and discussed the relationship between man and the state. A good nation can develop good qualities in its citizens. The human soul is primarily composed of conscience, attitude ,and appetite. He believed that this would create an ideal state and the country would move on the path of progress.   The purpose of this ideal state was actually to give direction to the nation and government of Greece. Plato’s ideal state has some important features, which are the highlight of this theory.

Plato’s ideal state was based on justice. According to Plato, justice is the opportunity for the class of people in society to engage in the work for which they are suitable or for the work for which they are suitable. He said that, there are three instincts in the human mind- knowledge, courage and appetite. On the basis of these three instincts, there are three classes of people in the society – the wise, should be given the responsibility of governing the state. People who have the instinct of courage should be given the responsibility of defending the country and those who have the instinct of hunger should be given the responsibility of producing goods. According to Plato, a society or state in which an attitude of service and obey the orders of the ruling class. In such a system, one person or one class of people. It is justice for the class of people or the person for whom nature has made fit for the work. Plato’s ideal state is based on this concept of state.