The long-term administration of anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS), including Stanozolol, can disturb the endocrine balance and male reproductive function. The objective of this research was to investigate the prolonged histological-morphometric effects of Stanozolol on the tests and epididymis, as well as the weight changes and skin-hair conditions in an experimental model.
In a study, 80 adult male albino rats were randomly allocated to control and treated group. The treated group was intubated with Stanozolol 5 mg/kg/day by oral gavage for eight weeks. We kept an eye on their body weight every week. Following humane euthanasia, testicular and epididymal tissues were harvested and examined by using standard histological staining techniques of Hematoxylin and Eosin, Periodic Acid–Schiff, and Masson’s Trichrome. Structural changes are evaluated by quantitative histomorphometry analysis.
Stanozolol caused a significant increase in body weight (p ≤ 0.05) but also caused localized alopecia along with the thinning of hair coat. Microscopic analysis revealed seminiferous tubules atrophy, thickening of basement membrane, and total halting of spermatogenesis. Significant decrease in tubular diameter and germinal epithelial height was confirmed by morphometric measurements (p ≤ 0.05). The epididymis exhibited a significant reduction in sperm count with excessive cellular debris in the lumen.
To sum up, Stanozolol might have caused anabolic growth to the body overall, but long-term use caused a huge amount of damage to the structural components of the male reproductive organs. Moreover, it also affected the condition of the skin and hair negatively.  Findings indicate the risk of reproductive consequences of prolonged exposure to anabolic steroids.